German Shepherd health: what owners should know

The breed is known for hip and elbow dysplasia, and good breeders X-ray both parents and share official scores (BVA/KC in the UK, OFA in North America, the SV 'a' stamp in Germany). Other conditions seen in the breed include degenerative myelopathy, exocrine pancreatic insufficiency, bloat, and skin or ear allergies. Ask to see the parents' paperwork rather than accepting a verbal reassurance.

Keeping your dog lean, building fitness gradually and choosing grippy surfaces for play all help day to day. Go to a vet immediately if your Shepherd has a swollen, tight belly with retching that brings nothing up, since bloat can become fatal within hours. Book a normal appointment for hind feet that scuff or cross when walking, loose, pale or greasy stools with weight loss, or reluctance to get up after resting.